目的 对我国四大产区麦冬质量进行评价,为麦冬质量有效控制和临床准确用药提供科学依据。方法 参照药典麦冬性状描述进行性状比较,采用药典方法对重金属、有害元素、二氧化硫残留进行检测,采用气相色谱法对多效唑残留进行检测,采用紫外分光光度法对麦冬多糖含量进行测定,采用高效液相色谱法对麦冬皂苷D、麦冬甲基黄烷酮A、麦冬甲基黄烷酮B的含量进行测定并进行指纹图谱分析。结果 4种不同产地麦冬性状差异主要在长度、表面颜色和气味方面,湖北麦冬和山东麦冬较四川麦冬和浙江麦冬长,而浙江麦冬较其他3种麦冬表面颜色较深且气味均较浓;重金属及有害元素残留均未超标,二氧化硫残留主要存在与川麦冬和湖北麦冬中,多效唑残留主要存在于川麦冬中;4种麦冬3类成分含量差异显著,麦冬皂苷D均能够检出,但浙江麦冬中含量较低,麦冬甲基黄烷酮A和麦冬甲基黄烷酮B仅在四川麦冬和浙江麦冬中检出,以浙江麦冬含量最高;指纹图谱个性特征明显,以四川麦冬确定的有效峰最多(7个),浙江麦冬次之(6个),湖北麦冬和山东麦冬特征图谱相近(4个)。结论 不同来源麦冬质量存在较大差异,应当有针对性的建立个性化质控标准。

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the qualities of Ophiopogonis Radix from four main producing areas in China to provide scientific basis for its quality control and clinical use. METHODS The characteristics of the samples was compared according to the description in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The contents of heavy metals, harmful elements and residual sulfur dioxide were measured by the methods recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The contents of residual paclobutrazol and polysaccharide were respectively determined by GC and UV. The contents of ophiopogonin D, methylophiopogonanone A, and methylophiopogonanone B were measured by HPLC. RESULTS Differences in the characteristics of the samples from the four producing areas were shown in the length, color, and smell. Ophiopogonis Radix from Hubei and Shandong was longer than those from Sichuan and Zhejiang. The color and smell of the samples from Zhejiang were darker and stronger than the samples from the other three provinces. The contents of heavy metal and harmful elements of all the samples were all less than the limit standards. Sulfur dioxide existed in the samples from Sichuan and Hubei. Paclobutrazol existed in the Sichuan samples. The differences in the contents of ophiopogonin D,methylophiopogonanone A, and methylophiopogonanone B in the samples from the four producing areas were significant. Ophiopogonin D could be detected in all the samples, but its content in the Zhejiang samples was lower. Methylophiopogonanone A and methylophiopogonanone B could be detected only in the samples from Sichuan and Zhejiang, and the contents in the Zhejiang samples were the highest. The fingerprint characteristics of the four samples was obvious. The number of effective component peaks of Sichuan sample was the greatest (7 peaks). Zhejiang samples took the second place(6 peaks). The samples from Hubei and Shandong both had 4 peaks. CONCLUSION There is prominent difference in the qualities of Ophiopogonis Radix samples from different producing areas. Individualized quality control standards should be established.